What are the 12 structures of tense?

 What are the 12 structures of tense


The 12 Tenses in English Explained with Examples


1) Simple Present Tense


Structure: verb + s / es / ies


He / She / It / Singular Noun + verb + s / es / ies

 

Example: He studies in school.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb (no change)

 

Example: The girls sing a song

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + does + not + verb (no change)

 

Example: He does not study in school.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + do + not + verb (no change)

 

Example: The girls do not sing a song.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Does + He / She / It / Singular Noun + verb (no change)?

 

Example: Does he study in school?

 

Do + I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb (no change)

 

Example: Do girls sing a song?

 

To be forms

 

I + am

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + is

 

You / We / They / Plural Noun + are


2) Simple Past Tense


Structure: Verb + ed (or irregular verb)

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + verb + ed (or irregular verb)

 

Example: You played the game.

                  He ran away.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + did + not + verb (no change)

 

Example: She did not go with me.

                We did not work yesterday.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Did + He / She / It / I / You / We / They / Singular Noun / Plural Noun + verb (no change)?

 

Example: Did they work at home?

                Did you go to Mumbai?

 

To be forms

 

I / He / She / It / Singular Noun + was

 

You / We / They / Plural Noun + were

 

He / She / It / I / singular noun + was +  not + verb (no change)

 

Example:  She was not there.

 

You / We / They / plural noun /  + were + not + verb (no change)

 

Example: You were not happy.

 

Was + I / He / She / It / Singular Noun + verb (no change)?

 

Example: Was I right?

 

Were + You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb (no change)?

 

Example: Were you late?


3) Present Continuous Tense


Structure: is / am / are + verb + ing

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + is + verb + ing

 

Example: He is studying in school.

 

I + am + verb + ing

 

Example: I am speaking to you.

 

We / They / You + are + verb + ing

 

Example:  You are reading a book.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + is + not + verb + ing

 

Example: He is not playing football.

 

You / We / They / Plural Noun + are + not + verb + ing

 

Example: They are not playing football.

 

I + am + not + verb + ing

 

Example: I am not playing football.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Is + He / She / It / Singular Noun + verb ing?

 

Example: Is he playing football?

 

Are + You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb + ing

 

Example: Are they playing football?

 

Am + I + verb + ing

 

Example: Am I playing football?


4) Past Continuous Tense


Structure: Was / Were + verb + ing

 

He / She / It / I / singular noun   + was + verb + ing

 

Example: I was reading a book.

 

You / We / They /  plural noun  + were + verb + ing

 

Example: They were reading a book.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / I / singular noun   + was + not + verb + ing

 

Example: He was not playing football.

 

You / We / They / Plural Noun + were + not + verb + ing

 

Example: They were not playing football.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Was + He / She / It / I / Singular Noun + verb ing?

 

Example: Was he playing football?

 

Were + You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb + ing

 

Example: Were they playing football?


5) Present Perfect Tense


Structure: Have / Has + verb + ed

 

He /  She / It / Singular Noun + Has + verb + ed

 

Example: He has cleaned the table.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + Have + verb + ed

 

Example: They have cleaned the table.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + has + not + verb + ed

 

Example: He has not played football.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + have + not + verb + ed

 

Example: They have not played football.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Has + He / She / It / Singular Noun + verb + ed?

 

Example: Has he played football?

 

Have + I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + verb + ed?

 

Example: Have they played football?


6) Past Perfect Tense


Structure: Had + Verb + ed or irregular verb

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + Had + verb + ed (or irregular verb)

 

Example: I had finished my homework.

                 Priya had left the job.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + Had + not + verb + ed (or irregular verb)

 

Example: He had not played football.

                 We had not left.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Had + He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + verb + ed (or irregular verb)

 

Example: Had he played football?

                Had they eaten dinner?


7) Present Perfect Continuous Tense


Has / Have + been + verb + ing


He /  She / It / Singular Noun + Has been + verb + ing

 

Example: He has been playing football.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + Have been + verb + ing

 

Example: They have been playing football.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / Singular Noun + has + not + been + verb + ing

 

Example: He has not been playing football.

 

I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + have + not + been + verb + ing

 

Example: We have not been playing football.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Has + He / She / It / Singular Noun + been + verb + ing?

 

Example: Has he been playing football?

 

Have + I / You / We / They / Plural Noun + been + verb + ing?

 

Example: Have they been playing football?


8) Past Perfect Continuous Tense


Structure: Had + been + verb + ing

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + Had + been + verb + ing

 

Example: I had been playing football.

                We had been working.

 

Negative Sentences:

 

He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + Had + not + been + verb + ing

 

Example: He had not been playing football.

                 We had not been playing football.

 

Interrogative Sentences (Questions):

 

Had + He / She / It / I / You / We / They / singular noun / plural noun /  + been + verb + ing

 

Example: Had he been playing football?

                Had they been waiting long?


9) Simple Future Tense


Structure: Will/shall + verb

Example:  I shall go to my home town tomorrow.


10)_Future Continuous Tense


Structure: Will be / Shall be + verb + ing

Example: I shall be going to my home town tomorrow.

 

Am/is/are + going to be + verb + ing

Example: I am going to be watching the news at 9 pm.


11) Future Perfect Tense


Structure: Will have / Shall have  + verb + ed

 

Example: I will have played the game.

 

Am/is/are + going to have + verb + ed

Example: I am going to have played the game.


12) Future Perfect Continuous Tense


Structure: Will have been + verb + ing

Example: I will have been watching the news for over ten minutes before you join me.

 

Am/is/are + going to have been + verb + ing

Example: I am going to have been watching the news for over ten minutes before you join me.


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